Chapter 1: The Problem of Reason and Agency
* Explores the relationship between reason and agency, arguing that reason plays a crucial role in our understanding of ourselves as agents.
* Example: A person who acts on impulse may not be considered a rational agent, while someone who carefully considers their actions and their consequences is more likely to be seen as an autonomous decision-maker.
Chapter 2: Reasons for Action
* Discusses the concept of reasons for action, including both external factors (e.g., physical objects, social norms) and internal factors (e.g., desires, beliefs).
* Example: A person who is thirsty may have a reason to drink water, while someone who is afraid of heights may have a reason to avoid climbing a ladder.
Chapter 3: The Rationality of Action
* Examines the concept of rational action, arguing that rational actions are those that best achieve the agent's goals in a given situation.
* Example: A person who chooses to take public transportation to work because it is the most efficient way to get there is acting rationally, while someone who chooses to drive even though it is more time-consuming and expensive is not acting rationally.
Chapter 4: Intention and Responsibility
* Explores the relationship between intention and responsibility, arguing that an agent is only responsible for those actions that they intentionally performed.
* Example: A person who accidentally breaks a glass may not be held liable, while someone who intentionally throws a rock through a window is likely to be held responsible for their actions.
Chapter 5: Persons and Agency
* Examines the concept of persons and agency, arguing that human beings are distinctive from other animals due to their capacity for reason and autonomy.
* Example: A person who is able to reason about their actions and make choices that are informed by their values and goals is considered a fully functioning person, while someone who lacks these capacities may be considered to have a diminished capacity for agency.
Chapter 6: The Limits of Reason
* Explores the limits of reason, arguing that even though reason is a powerful tool, it is not always sufficient for guiding our actions.
* Example: Sometimes we may need to act on faith or intuition, rather than relying solely on reason.
Chapter 7: The Importance of Reason
* Concludes by discussing the importance of reason, arguing that reason is essential for navigating the complexities of human life and for making responsible choices.
* Example: A person who is able to reason about their actions and their consequences is more likely to live a fulfilling and meaningful life.
