Autism and Masking

Synopsis

Autistic people often feel they have to present as neurotypical or perform neurotypical social behaviours in order to fit in. So-called 'masking' is a social survival strategy used by autistic people in situations where neurodiversity is not understood or welcomed. While this is a commonly observed phenomenon in the autistic community, the complexities of masking are still not widely understood.

This book combines the latest research with personal case studies detailing autistic experiences of masking. It explains what masking is and the various strategies used to mask in social situations. The research also delves into the psychology behind masking and the specifics of masking at school, at social events with peers, and at work. The book looks at the consequences of masking, including the toll it can have on mental and physical health, and suggests guidance for family, professionals, and employers to ameliorate negative effects.

With a diverse range of voices, including perspectives across gender, ethnicity and age, this is the comprehensive guide to masking and how to support autistic people who mask.

Summary

Chapter 1: Understanding Autism and Masking

* Key concepts: Definitions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and masking.
* Real example: Emily, a young woman with ASD, excels academically but has difficulty with social interactions. To cope, she masks her autistic traits by imitating others' behaviors.

Chapter 2: The Lived Experience of Masking

* Key concepts: Cognitive and emotional challenges of masking, such as social exhaustion, anxiety, and depression.
* Real example: John, a middle-aged man with Asperger's syndrome, shares how masking has isolated him from his peers and led to burnout.

Chapter 3: The Costs and Benefits of Masking

* Key concepts: Balancing the benefits (e.g., social acceptance) with the costs (e.g., compromised well-being) of masking.
* Real example: Sarah, a mother of an autistic child, discusses the challenges of navigating social expectations while ensuring her daughter's needs are met.

Chapter 4: The Interplay of Stigma and Masking

* Key concepts: How stigma surrounding ASD influences the decision to mask and its consequences.
* Real example: David, a college student with ASD, describes the internalized shame and fear that drive him to mask, even when it is detrimental to his health.

Chapter 5: Strategies for Reducing the Need for Masking

* Key concepts: Creating environments that support autistic individuals and reduce the pressure to mask.
* Real example: A support group for autistic adults provides a safe space for members to express themselves without judgment, reducing the need to mask.

Chapter 6: Embracing Autism and Reducing Masking

* Key concepts: Challenging societal norms and embracing autistic strengths.
* Real example: Maria, an autistic artist, shares her journey of self-acceptance and how it has empowered her to reduce masking and live a more fulfilling life.

Chapter 7: Advocacy and Policy Implications

* Key concepts: The importance of advocating for the rights and well-being of autistic individuals.
* Real example: A campaign advocates for accommodations in schools and workplaces that reduce the need for autistic students and employees to mask.

Chapter 8: Conclusion

* Key message: Masking is a complex and often necessary strategy for autistic individuals to navigate a neurotypical world.
* Call to action: Continued efforts are needed to support and empower autistic individuals, reduce societal stigma, and create inclusive environments that minimize the need for masking.