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Understanding Analysis


Synopsis


This lively introductory text exposes the student to the rewards of a rigorous study of functions of a real variable. In each chapter, informal discussions of questions that give analysis its inherent fascination are followed by precise, but not overly formal, developments of the techniques needed to make sense of  them. By focusing on the unifying themes of approximation and the resolution of paradoxes that arise in the transition from the finite to the infinite, the text turns what could be a daunting cascade of definitions and theorems into a coherent and engaging progression of ideas. Acutely aware of the need for rigor, the student is much better prepared to understand what constitutes a proper mathematical proof and how to write one.

Fifteen years of classroom experience with the first edition of Understanding Analysis have solidified and refined the central narrative of the second edition. Roughly 150 new exercises join a selection of the best exercises fromthe first edition, and three more project-style sections have been added. Investigations of Euler's computation of ζ(2), the Weierstrass Approximation - Theorem, and the gamma function are now among the book's cohort of seminal results serving as motivation and payoff for the beginning student to master the methods of analysis.

Abbott, Stephen

Summary

Chapter 1: The Real Numbers

* Introduces the real number system and its properties.
* Discusses the order relation, completeness, and algebraic operations.
* Real-world example: Using the real numbers to represent distances, temperatures, or financial values.

Chapter 2: Sequences and Limits

* Defines sequences and limits.
* Explores the concepts of convergence and divergence.
* Real-world example: Using sequences to model the growth of a population or the decay of a radioactive substance.

Chapter 3: Continuity

* Introduces the concept of continuity for functions.
* Discusses the intermediate value theorem and the extreme value theorem.
* Real-world example: Verifying the continuity of a function that represents the velocity of a moving object.

Chapter 4: Derivatives

* Defines the derivative of a function.
* Discusses the geometric interpretation of the derivative and its applications.
* Real-world example: Using the derivative to find the slope of a tangent line to a curve representing the position of an object.

Chapter 5: Applications of the Derivative

* Explores the applications of the derivative in optimization, related rates, and curve sketching.
* Real-world example: Using the derivative to find the maximum profit in a business scenario.

Chapter 6: Integrals

* Introduces the concept of the definite integral and its geometric interpretation.
* Discusses fundamental theorem of calculus and its applications.
* Real-world example: Using the integral to calculate the area under a curve representing the demand for a product.

Chapter 7: Applications of the Integral

* Explores the applications of the integral in finding volumes, lengths, and work.
* Real-world example: Using the integral to find the volume of a rotating solid.

Chapter 8: Sequences and Series of Functions

* Defines sequences and series of functions.
* Discusses convergence and divergence tests.
* Real-world example: Using the geometric series to model the decay of a radioactive substance.

Chapter 9: Power Series

* Introduces power series and their applications.
* Discusses Taylor series and Maclaurin series.
* Real-world example: Using a power series to approximate the value of the exponential function.

Chapter 10: Multiple Integrals

* Extends the concept of the definite integral to multiple dimensions.
* Discusses double integrals and triple integrals.
* Real-world example: Using a double integral to find the area of a region in the plane.