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The Tragedy of Macbeth


Synopsis


Dark and violent, Macbeth is also the most theatrically spectacular of Shakespeare's tragedies. Indeed, for 250 years - until early this century - it was performed with grand operatic additions set to baroque music. In his introduction Nicholas Brooke relates the play's changing fortunes to changes within society and the theatre and investigates the sources of its enduring appeal. He examines its many layers of illusion and interprets its linguistic turns and echoes, arguing that the earliest surviving text is an adaptation, perhaps carried out by Shakespeare himself in collaboration with Thomas Middleton. This fully annotated edition reconsiders textual and staging problems, appraises past and present critical views, and represents a major contribution to our understanding of Macbeth. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

William Shakespeare, Nicholas Brooke

Summary

Chapter 1

* Overview: Introduction to the play and its main characters, including Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, and the three witches.
* Real Example: "When shall we three meet again? / In thunder, lightning, or in rain?" (Act 1, Scene 1)

Chapter 2

* Macbeth's Ambition: Macbeth receives a prophecy from the witches that he will become King of Scotland. This sparks his ambition and desire for power.
* Real Example: "The Prince of Cumberland! That is a step / On which I must fall down, or else o'erleap." (Act 1, Scene 4)

Chapter 3

* Lady Macbeth's Influence: Lady Macbeth convinces Macbeth to kill Duncan, the current King, so that he can seize the throne.
* Real Example: "Yet do I fear thy nature; / It is too full o' the milk of human kindness." (Act 1, Scene 5)

Chapter 4

* Duncan's Murder: Macbeth murders Duncan in his own castle, sparking chaos and suspicion.
* Real Example: "Sleep no more! / Macbeth does murder sleep, the innocent sleep." (Act 2, Scene 2)

Chapter 5

* Macbeth's Rule: Macbeth becomes King but is tormented by guilt and paranoia. He hires assassins to kill Banquo, another potential threat to his throne.
* Real Example: "I am in blood / Stepped in so far that, should I wade no more, / Returning were as tedious as go o'er." (Act 3, Scene 4)

Chapter 6

* The Banquet Scene: Macbeth sees a ghost of Banquo at a banquet and becomes increasingly unhinged.
* Real Example: "Thou canst not say I did it: never shake / Thy gory locks at me." (Act 3, Scene 4)

Chapter 7

* The Sleepwalking Scene: Lady Macbeth is haunted by her guilt in Duncan's murder and sleepwalks, revealing her involvement.
* Real Example: "Out, damned spot! Out, I say!" (Act 5, Scene 1)

Chapter 8

* The Death of Lady Macbeth: Lady Macbeth dies of guilt and despair.
* Real Example: "She should have died hereafter; / There would have been a time for such a word." (Act 5, Scene 5)

Chapter 9

* The Death of Macbeth: Macduff, a loyal lord, confronts and kills Macbeth in battle.
* Real Example: "I bear a charmed life, which must not yield / To one of woman born." (Act 5, Scene 8)