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O Pioneers!


Synopsis


`For the first time, perhaps, since that land emerged from the waters of geologic ages, a human face was set toward it with love and yearning. It seemed beautiful to her, rich and strong and glorious.' Willa Cather's second novel, O Pioneers! (1913) tells the story of Alexandra Bergson and her determination to save her immigrant family's Nebraska farm. Clear-headed and fiercely independent, Alexandra's passionate faith in the prairie makes her a wealthy landowner. By placing a strong, self-reliant woman at the centre of her tale, Cather gives the quintessentially American novel of the soil a radical cast. Yet, although influenced by the democratic utopianism of Walt Whitman and the serene regionalism of Sarah Orne Jewett, O Pioneers! is more than merely an elegy for the lost glories of America's pioneer past. In its rage for order and efficiency, the novel testifies to the cultural politics of the Progressive Era, the period of massive social and economic transformations that helped to modernize the United States in the years between the Civil War and World War. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

Willa Cather (author), Marilee Lindemann (editor)

Summary

Chapter 1: Winter Dreams

* Introduces the Bergson family: John, the father; Alexandra, the oldest daughter and protagonist; and Emil and Marie, the younger children.
* Describes the harsh winter conditions on the family's homestead in Nebraska.
* Alexandra's determination to keep the farm going is evident, despite her father's failing health.

Real Example:

"The winter had come on suddenly. With a great rush the snow had fallen, bearing down the long dry grasses, bending the trees and bushes, and piling itself into drifts in the corners of fences and along the sides of the houses."

Chapter 2: The Red Swan

* Introduces Carl Linstrum, a Swedish farmhand who arrives to help the Bergsons.
* Carl falls in love with Alexandra, but she is torn between her duty to her family and her feelings for him.
* A hawk, symbolizing Carl, appears throughout the novel, representing Alexandra's internal conflict.

Real Example:

"A red hawk, poised on a dead limb of a tree, watched him with a motionless, smoldering eye. Then, with a slow powerful beat of its pinions, it had lifted through the snow-laden air and was gone."

Chapter 3: Winter Night

* Alexandra witnesses the death of her father and takes on the role of head of the family.
* She struggles with the demands of managing the farm while caring for her siblings.
* Emil and Marie's dependency on Alexandra creates tension between them.

Real Example:

"Out on the frozen prairie the wind blew a blast of snow against her face. She could see nothing except the white blur of the storm, but she did not slacken her pace."

Chapter 4: John Bergson and the Plow

* Alexandra becomes an accomplished farmer, known for her hard work and determination.
* She witnesses the arrival of new settlers and the expansion of the Nebraska landscape.
* The plow, which is used to break the prairie sod, becomes a symbol of Alexandra's strength and resilience.

Real Example:

"Under the weight of the plow, the tough sod turned back, curl by curl, unbroken, revealing the rich yellow of the earth beneath."

Chapter 5: The Harvest

* Alexandra's farm prospers, and she becomes a wealthy landowner.
* However, her personal life suffers as she sacrifices her own happiness for the well-being of her family.
* The harvest, which symbolizes the fruits of Alexandra's labor, is contrasted with her own unfulfilled desires.

Real Example:

"The scent of the ripe oats was in the air, mingled with the sharp tang of straw and the musty odor of the soil. The fields were yellow for miles around, and the reapers were busy gathering in the harvest."