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Multiple Intelligences


Synopsis


The most complete account of the theory and application of Multiple Intelligences available anywhere.

Howard Gardner's brilliant conception of individual competence, known as Multiple Intelligences theory, has changed the face of education. Tens of thousands of educators, parents, and researchers have explored the practical implications and applications of this powerful notion, that there is not one type of intelligence but several, ranging from musical intelligence to the intelligence involved in self-understanding.

Multiple Intelligences distills nearly three decades of research on Multiple Intelligences theory and practice, covering its central arguments and numerous developments since its introduction in 1983. Gardner includes discussions of global applications, Multiple Intelligences in the workplace, an assessment of Multiple Intelligences practice in the current conservative educational climate, new evidence about brain functioning, and much more.

Summary

Chapter 1: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

* Introduces the concept of multiple intelligences, arguing that intelligence is not a single, fixed entity but rather a collection of distinct abilities.
* Proposes eight different types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist.
* Example: A child who excels in drawing and designing may have high spatial intelligence.

Chapter 2: Linguistic Intelligence

* Focuses on the ability to understand and use language effectively.
* Includes skills such as reading, writing, speaking, and listening.
* Example: A student who writes compelling stories or engages in lively debates may have strong linguistic intelligence.

Chapter 3: Logical-Mathematical Intelligence

* Emphasizes the ability to reason, solve problems, and understand logical patterns.
* Includes skills such as deductive reasoning, abstract thinking, and numerical analysis.
* Example: A scientist who excels at solving complex equations or developing mathematical models may have high logical-mathematical intelligence.

Chapter 4: Spatial Intelligence

* Relates to the ability to perceive and manipulate spatial relationships.
* Includes skills such as drawing, visualizing, and navigating.
* Example: An architect who designs complex buildings or a painter who creates intricate landscapes may have exceptional spatial intelligence.

Chapter 5: Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence

* Addresses the ability to use and control one's body.
* Includes skills such as coordination, balance, and fine motor skills.
* Example: A dancer who executes graceful movements or an athlete who excels in sports may have strong bodily-kinesthetic intelligence.

Chapter 6: Musical Intelligence

* Deals with the ability to create, perform, and appreciate music.
* Includes skills such as singing, playing instruments, and composing melodies.
* Example: A musician who plays multiple instruments or composes award-winning songs may possess high musical intelligence.

Chapter 7: Interpersonal Intelligence

* Emphasizes the ability to understand and interact with other people.
* Includes skills such as communication, empathy, and teamwork.
* Example: A salesperson who builds strong relationships with clients or a teacher who effectively engages with students may have high interpersonal intelligence.

Chapter 8: Intrapersonal Intelligence

* Focuses on the ability to understand and manage one's own thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
* Includes skills such as self-reflection, goal-setting, and emotional regulation.
* Example: A therapist who helps clients navigate personal struggles or a person who has a strong sense of self-awareness may have high intrapersonal intelligence.

Chapter 9: Naturalist Intelligence

* Explores the ability to understand and connect with the natural world.
* Includes skills such as identifying plants and animals, observing ecological systems, and appreciating biodiversity.
* Example: A biologist who studies the behavior of wildlife or a conservationist who advocates for environmental protection may have high naturalist intelligence.