Chapter 1: Units, Dimensions, and Vectors
* Summarizes the International System of Units (SI), including base units, derived units, and prefixes.
* Introduces the concept of vector quantities and scalar quantities.
* Example: A force of 10 N acting at an angle of 30° above the horizontal. Its magnitude is 10 N, and its direction is described by the 30° angle.
Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension
* Analyzes motion with constant velocity and constant acceleration.
* Introduces equations for displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
* Example: A car travels 100 km in 2 hours. Its velocity is 50 km/h, and its acceleration is 0 km/h².
Chapter 3: Motion in Two Dimensions
* Extends the concepts of motion to two dimensions.
* Introduces projectile motion as an example of two-dimensional motion.
* Example: A baseball is hit with an initial velocity of 30 m/s at an angle of 45° above the horizontal. It rises to a maximum height of 10 m and lands 40 m away from home plate.
Chapter 4: Newton's Laws of Motion
* States and explains Newton's three laws of motion.
* Introduces the concepts of force, mass, and acceleration.
* Example: A person of mass 50 kg standing on the Earth's surface is acted on by a force of 490 N, which is their weight.
Chapter 5: Circular Motion and Gravitation
* Analyzes circular motion and describes the centripetal force required to keep an object moving in a circle.
* Introduces Newton's law of universal gravitation.
* Example: A satellite of mass 100 kg orbiting Earth at a radius of 6,370 km above the Earth's surface experiences a gravitational force of approximately 6,300 N.
Chapter 6: Work and Energy
* Defines work and energy and discusses their relationship.
* Introduces different types of energy, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and thermal energy.
* Example: A person lifts a 10 kg box a height of 1 m. The person does 100 J of work on the box, which is converted into potential energy stored in the box.
Chapter 7: Momentum
* Introduces the concept of momentum and its conservation.
* Discusses the law of conservation of momentum in various situations.
* Example: A billiard ball collides with another billiard ball that is initially at rest. The two balls move off with equal and opposite momenta, conserving the total momentum of the system.
Chapter 8: Rotational Motion
* Analyzes rotational motion and the laws of rotational dynamics.
* Introduces concepts such as torque, angular momentum, and moment of inertia.
* Example: A spinning top experiences a torque due to friction. The angular momentum of the top gradually decreases, causing it to slow down and eventually stop spinning.
Chapter 9: Simple Harmonic Motion
* Describes simple harmonic motion and its characteristics.
* Introduces the concepts of amplitude, period, and frequency.
* Example: A pendulum swings back and forth with a constant period. The amplitude of the swing determines the maximum displacement from equilibrium, and the period is the time it takes to complete one full cycle.